The place you want to start is at iana.org. iana.org is the authrotive registery for all the Top Level Domains on the net. The Idea here is to traverse down the DNS hierarchy to a level where you can find the Registrant information you are looking for. The process goes from Registry to Registrar to finally the Registrant information you seek.
Querying IANA.org
To start off we will use the 'whois' utility included in most distributions. the '-h' option specifies which registry to use while we issue the query to the server. In our example we will use yahoo.com to find the registrant information we are looking for.
First we start off by looking up the whole 'com' TLD to see who it is handled by.
root@asus:~/unix% whois com -h whois.iana.org % IANA WHOIS server % for more information on IANA, visit http://www.iana.org % This query returned 1 object domain: COM organisation: VeriSign Global Registry Services address: 12061 Bluemont Way address: Reston Virginia 20190 address: United States contact: administrative name: Registry Customer Service organisation: VeriSign Global Registry Services address: 12061 Bluemont Way address: Reston Virginia 20190 address: United States phone: +1 703 925-6999 fax-no: +1 703 948 3978 e-mail: info@verisign-grs.com contact: technical name: Registry Customer Service organisation: VeriSign Global Registry Services address: 12061 Bluemont Way address: Reston Virginia 20190 address: United States phone: +1 703 925-6999 fax-no: +1 703 948 3978 e-mail: info@verisign-grs.com nserver: A.GTLD-SERVERS.NET 192.5.6.30 2001:503:a83e:0:0:0:2:30 nserver: B.GTLD-SERVERS.NET 192.33.14.30 2001:503:231d:0:0:0:2:30 nserver: C.GTLD-SERVERS.NET 192.26.92.30 2001:503:83eb:0:0:0:0:30 nserver: D.GTLD-SERVERS.NET 192.31.80.30 2001:500:856e:0:0:0:0:30 nserver: E.GTLD-SERVERS.NET 192.12.94.30 2001:502:1ca1:0:0:0:0:30 nserver: F.GTLD-SERVERS.NET 192.35.51.30 2001:503:d414:0:0:0:0:30 nserver: G.GTLD-SERVERS.NET 192.42.93.30 2001:503:eea3:0:0:0:0:30 nserver: H.GTLD-SERVERS.NET 192.54.112.30 2001:502:8cc:0:0:0:0:30 nserver: I.GTLD-SERVERS.NET 192.43.172.30 2001:503:39c1:0:0:0:0:30 nserver: J.GTLD-SERVERS.NET 192.48.79.30 2001:502:7094:0:0:0:0:30 nserver: K.GTLD-SERVERS.NET 192.52.178.30 2001:503:d2d:0:0:0:0:30 nserver: L.GTLD-SERVERS.NET 192.41.162.30 2001:500:d937:0:0:0:0:30 nserver: M.GTLD-SERVERS.NET 192.55.83.30 2001:501:b1f9:0:0:0:0:30 ds-rdata: 30909 8 2 E2D3C916F6DEEAC73294E8268FB5885044A833FC5459588F4A9184CFC41A5766 whois: whois.verisign-grs.com status: ACTIVE remarks: Registration information: http://www.verisigninc.com created: 1985-01-01 changed: 2017-10-05 source: IANA root@asus:~/unix%
If we look at the output of the command we see a field called 'whois'. This is the field we need to know in order to query the next server in the process. the host 'whois.verisign-grs.com' holds all the information for all '.com' addresses on the internet.
root@asus:~/unix% whois yahoo.com -h whois.verisign-grs.com Domain Name: YAHOO.COM Registry Domain ID: 3643624_DOMAIN_COM-VRSN Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.markmonitor.com Registrar URL: http://www.markmonitor.com Updated Date: 2018-02-02T01:07:18Z Creation Date: 1995-01-18T05:00:00Z Registry Expiry Date: 2023-01-19T05:00:00Z Registrar: MarkMonitor Inc. Registrar IANA ID: 292 Registrar Abuse Contact Email: abusecomplaints@markmonitor.com Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +1.2083895740 Domain Status: clientDeleteProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited Domain Status: clientUpdateProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientUpdateProhibited Domain Status: serverDeleteProhibited https://icann.org/epp#serverDeleteProhibited Domain Status: serverTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#serverTransferProhibited Domain Status: serverUpdateProhibited https://icann.org/epp#serverUpdateProhibited Name Server: NS1.YAHOO.COM Name Server: NS2.YAHOO.COM Name Server: NS3.YAHOO.COM Name Server: NS4.YAHOO.COM Name Server: NS5.YAHOO.COM DNSSEC: unsigned URL of the ICANN Whois Inaccuracy Complaint Form: https://www.icann.org/wicf/ >>> Last update of whois database: 2019-04-29T01:33:02Z <<< For more information on Whois status codes, please visit https://icann.org/epp root@asus:~/unix%
In the output here we see a field called 'Registrar WHOIS Server'. This next whois server should give us the information we are looking for when we query it with the appropriate information.
root@asus:~/unix% whois yahoo.com -h whois.markmonitor.com Domain Name: yahoo.com Registry Domain ID: 3643624_DOMAIN_COM-VRSN Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.markmonitor.com Registrar URL: http://www.markmonitor.com Updated Date: 2018-10-23T11:09:46-0700 Creation Date: 1995-01-18T00:00:00-0800 Registrar Registration Expiration Date: 2023-01-18T21:00:00-0800 Registrar: MarkMonitor, Inc. Registrar IANA ID: 292 Registrar Abuse Contact Email: abusecomplaints@markmonitor.com Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +1.2083895740 Domain Status: clientUpdateProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#clientUpdateProhibited) Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited) Domain Status: clientDeleteProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited) Domain Status: serverUpdateProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#serverUpdateProhibited) Domain Status: serverTransferProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#serverTransferProhibited) Domain Status: serverDeleteProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#serverDeleteProhibited) Registry Registrant ID: Registrant Name: Domain Admin Registrant Organization: Oath Inc. Registrant Street: 22000 AOL Way Registrant City: Dulles Registrant State/Province: VA Registrant Postal Code: 20166 Registrant Country: US Registrant Phone: +1.4083493300 Registrant Phone Ext: Registrant Fax: Registrant Fax Ext: Registrant Email: domain-admin@oath.com Registry Admin ID: Admin Name: Domain Admin Admin Organization: Oath Inc. Admin Street: 22000 AOL Way Admin City: Dulles Admin State/Province: VA Admin Postal Code: 20166 Admin Country: US Admin Phone: +1.4083493300 Admin Phone Ext: Admin Fax: Admin Fax Ext: Admin Email: domain-admin@oath.com Registry Tech ID: Tech Name: Domain Admin Tech Organization: Oath Inc. Tech Street: 22000 AOL Way Tech City: Dulles Tech State/Province: VA Tech Postal Code: 20166 Tech Country: US Tech Phone: +1.4083493300 Tech Phone Ext: Tech Fax: Tech Fax Ext: Tech Email: domain-admin@oath.com Name Server: ns3.yahoo.com Name Server: ns5.yahoo.com Name Server: ns4.yahoo.com Name Server: ns1.yahoo.com Name Server: ns2.yahoo.com DNSSEC: unsigned URL of the ICANN WHOIS Data Problem Reporting System: http://wdprs.internic.net/ >>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2019-04-28T18:34:44-0700 <<< For more information on WHOIS status codes, please visit: https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/epp-status-codes MarkMonitor.com reserves the right to modify these terms at any time. By submitting this query, you agree to abide by this policy. MarkMonitor is the Global Leader in Online Brand Protection. MarkMonitor Domain Management(TM) MarkMonitor Brand Protection(TM) MarkMonitor AntiCounterfeiting(TM) MarkMonitor AntiPiracy(TM) MarkMonitor AntiFraud(TM) Professional and Managed Services Visit MarkMonitor at https://www.markmonitor.com Contact us at +1.8007459229 In Europe, at +44.02032062220 ---- root@asus:~/unix%
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